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Draft: State of the Science Report on the Bioaccumulation and Transformation of Decabromodiphenyl Ether

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Appendix A.2 - Biota Concentration Data

Biota Concentration Data: Marine - Invertebrates
Study AuthorsLoca-
tion		DateSpeciesTissueSam-
pling
N		Concentration DataWet WeightUnitsSta-
tistic		Detec-
tion
Limit
Not
Det-
ected		Lipid Weight
Burreau et al. 2006Baltic Sea1999Zooplankton Calanoid sp.Muscle3None2.1 ng/gMedian 
de Boer et al. 2001North Sea1999Starfish AsteroideaPyloric caeca  < 2.0-8.9< 0.150-0.310µg/kg  
de Boer et al. 2001North Sea1999Hermit crabAbdomen  < 1.1-7.0< 0.1600-0.470µg/kg  
de Boer et al. 2001North Sea1999Male whelk Haustellum brandarisWhole body  < 1.9 - < 14< 0.052 - < 0.190µg/kg  
de Boer et al. 2001North Sea1999ShrimpWhole body  < 2.4 - < 5.6< 0.073 - < 0.081µg/kg  
de Boer et al. 2001Tees Estuary, UK1999ShrimpWhole body  < 100< 0.5µg/kg  
de Boer et al. 2001Tees Estuary, UK1999Polychaete wormWhole body  < 50< 0.5µg/kg  
de Boer et al. 2001Tees Estuary, UK1999StarfishWhole body and tentacle  < 9< 0.5µg/kg  
de Boer et al. 2001Western Scheldt, The Netherlands1999Mysid shrimp   < 20 93< 0.2-0.98µg/kg  
de Boer et al. 2001Western Scheldt, The Netherlands1999Copepod   < 37< 0.3µg/kg  
de Boer et al. 2001Western Scheldt, The Netherlands1999Gudgeon   < 6.0 - < 17< 0.1 - < 0.4µg/kg  
de Boer et al. 2003The Netherlands1999Marine mussels    < 4-<  5µg/kg  
Fjeld et al. 2004Svolvaer, Lofoten, Norway2002Blue mussels Mytilus edullisMuscle20 33 ng/gMean 
Fjeld et al. 2004Varangerfjorden, Norway2002Blue mussels Mytilus edullisMuscle50 3.6 ng/gMean 
Sørmo et al. 2006Svalbard2003Ice amphipod Gammarus wilkitzkiiWhole body1 (composite of 5)07.22 ng/gMean 
Sørmo et al. 2006Svalbard2003Ice amphipod Gammarus wilkitzkiiWhole body1 (composite of 5)0 0.28ng/gMean 
Watanabe et al. 1987Japan1981-1985Mussels Lampsilis radiata 54 of 5 1.4µg/kg 0.5
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Biota Concentration Data: Marine - Mammals
Study AuthorsLoca-
tion		DateSpeciesTissueSam-
pling
N		Concentration DataWet WeightUnitsSta-
tistic		Detec-
tion
Limit
Not
Det-
ected		Lipid Weight
de Boer et al. 1998Dutch Coast1995Minke whale Balaenoptera acutorostrataBlubber   < 1µg/kg  
de Boer et al. 1998Dutch Coast1995Sperm whale Physeter catodonBlubber   < 3 - < 6µg/kg  
de Boer et al. 1998Dutch Coast1995Sperm whale Physeter catodonLiver   < 3µg/kg  
de Boer et al. 1998Dutch Coast1995White-beaked dolphin Lagenor-
hynchus albirostris		Blubber   < 10µg/kg  
de Boer et al. 1998Dutch Coast1995White-beaked dolphin Lagenor-
hynchus albirostris		Liver   < 1µg/kg  
de Boer et al. 1998Dutch Coast1995Harbour sealBlubber   < 10 - < 15µg/kg  
de Boer et al. 1998Dutch Coast1995Harbour sealLiver   < 1 - < 2µg/kg  
de Boer et al. 2001North Sea1999Harbour porpoiseLiver  1.2 - < 7.4-µg/kg  
de Boer et al. 2001North Sea1999Harbour porpoiseBlubber  < 2.7 -26-µg/kg µg/kg  
de Boer et al. 2001North Sea1999Harbour sealLiver9 < 6.5-160 µg/kg  
de Boer et al. 2001North Sea1999Harbour sealBlubber  < 1.8-16 µg/kg  
de Boer et al. 2001North Sea1999White-beaked dolphinBlubber  < 3.8 µg/kg  
de Boer et al. 2001North Sea1999White-beaked dolphinKidney  < 8.2 µg/kg  
de Boer et al. 2001North Sea1999White-beaked dolphinHeart  < 4.9 µg/kg  
de Boer et al. 2001North Sea1999White-beaked dolphinLungs  35 µg/kg  
de Boer et al. 2001North Sea1999White-beaked dolphinBrain  < 0.8 µg/kg  
de Boer et al. 2001North Sea1999White-beaked dolphinLiver  140-318 µg/kg  
de Boer et al. 2001North Sea1999Bottlenose dolphinBlubber  < 2.5 µg/kg  
de Boer et al. 2001North Sea1999Bottlenose dolphinLiver  < 6.4 µg/kg  
de Boer et al. 2001North Sea1999Bottlenose dolphinKidney  < 3.0 µg/kg  
de Boer et al. 2001North Sea1999Bottlenose dolphinMuscle  < 7.7 µg/kg  
de Boer et al. 2001Tees Estuary, UK1999PorpoiseBlubber  < 8.7 -< 9< 7.5µg/kg  
Sørmo et al. 2006Svalbard2003Ringed seal Phoca hispidaBlubber650.02 ng/gOnly detected concentration 
Sørmo et al. 2006Svalbard2003Ringed seal Phoca hispidaBlubber65 0.006ng/gOnly detected concentration 
Johnson-Restropo 2005Western coast of Florida1991-1996Bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatusBlubber  0 ng/gMean 
Johnson-Restropo 2005Western coast of Florida2000-2001Bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatusBlubber All< 0.022 ng/gMDL 
Johnson-Restropo 2005Eastern coast of Florida2001-2004Bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatusBlubber All< 0.022 ng/gMDL 
Johnson-Restropo 2005Coastal Florida??Striped dolpin Stenella coeruleoalbaBlubber All< 0.022 ng/gMDL 
Shaw et al. 2007 (BFR)NW Atlantic coast ( Maine to Long Island)1991 - 2005Harbour seal Phoca vitulinaBlubber42 of 4nd - 7.4 ng/gRange 
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Biota Concentration Data: Marine / Aquatic Birds
Study AuthorsLoca-
tion		DateSpeciesTissueSam-
pling
N		Concentration DataWet WeightUnitsSta-
tistic		Detec-
tion
Limit
Not
Det-
ected		Lipid Weight
de Boer et al. 2001Tees Estuary, UK1999Cormorant Corvus marinusLiver  < 17 - < 25< 0.5µg/kg  
de Boer et al. 2001Western Scheldt, The Netherlands1999Common tern Sterna hirundoEggs  < 5.6-70< 0.46-7.1µg/kg  
de Boer et al. 2001Western Scheldt, The Netherlands1999Common tern Sterna hirundoEggs  4.4-270.45-2.9µg/kg  
de Boer et al. 2004SwedenNot givenGreat crested grebe Podiceps cristatusLiver43 of 4< 1.5-9.1< 0.11-0.52µg/kg  
de Boer et al. 2004SwedenNot givenGreat crested grebe Podiceps cristatusMuscle32 of 3< 8.1-31< 0.4-1.2µg/kg  
de Boer et al. 2004SwedenNot givenHeronLiver4All< 2.3 - < 5.7< 0.08 - < 0.25µg/kg  
de Boer et al. 2004SwedenNot givenHeronMuscle54 of 5< 6.3-563< 0.32-4.5µg/kg  
de Boer et al. 2004SwedenNot givenGannett Morus bassanusEggs12All< 4 - < 57< 0.2 - < 2.2µg/kg  
Gauthier et al. 2008Canada1982, 1987, 1992, 1995-2006, April -MayHerring gull Larus argentatusEggs10-13 eggs/site/ year pooled homogenatesNot reported 4.5-20ng/gRange 
Jaspers et al. 2006Belgium2003-2004Aquatic birds (heron/grebe)Multiple12All<2.25 ng/g  
Lam et al. 2007China - Hong KongMarch - May 2004Little egret Egretta garzettaEggs5Not reported2.6 ±1.6 (< 0.5-3.8) ng/gMean ±standard deviation (range)0.5
Lam et al. 2007China - Hong KongMarch-May 2004Black-crowned night heron Nycticorax nycticoraxEggs5Not reported14 ±25 (0.62-59) ng/gMean ±standard deviation (range)0.5
Lam et al. 2007China - XiamenMarch-May 2004Little egret Egretta garzettaEggs5Not reported0.89 ±0.64 (0.42-2.0) ng/gMean ±standard deviation (range)0.5
Lam et al. 2007China - XiamenMarch-May 2004Black-crowned night heron Nycticorax nycticoraxEggs5Not reported1.8 ±2.2 (< 0.5-5.2) ng/gMean ±standard deviation (range)0.5
Lam et al. 2007China - XiamenMarch-May 2004Chinese pond heron Ardeola bacchusEggs5Not reported99 ± 130 (3.1-290) ng/gMean ±standard deviation (range)0.5
Lam et al. 2007China - XiamenMarch-May 2004Cattle egret Bubulcus ibisEggs5Not reported28 ± 36 (< 0.5-75) ng/gMean ±standard deviation (range)0.5
Lam et al. 2007QuanzhouMarch-May 2004Little egret Egretta garzettaEggs5Not reported1.6 ± 0.55 (0.88-2.3) ng/gMean ±standard deviation (range)0.5
Lam et al 2007QuanzhouMarch-May 2004Black-crowned night heron Nycticorax nycticoraxEggs55< 0.5 ng/gMean ±standard deviation (range)0.5
Verrault et al. 2005Svalbard, Norway2004Glaucous gull (male) Larus hyperboreusPlasma1250% < 0.05-0.21ng/gRange 
Verrault et al. 2005Svalbard, Norway2004Glaucous gull (female) Larus hyperboreusPlasma1564% < 0.05-0.33ng/gRange 
Verreault et al. 2004Bjoroya, Norway2002-2004Glaucous gull Larus hyperboreusPlasma89 410 ng/gMean 
Verreault et al. 2004Bjoroya, Norway2002-2004Glaucous gull Larus hyperboreusEggs4 pools 23-53 ng/gRange 
Verreault et al. 2004Svalbard Glaucous gull Larus hyperboreusLiver20 nd-170 ng/gRange 
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Biota Concentration Data: Other Birds
Study AuthorsLoca-
tion		DateSpeciesTissueSam-
pling
N		Concentration DataWet WeightUnitsSta-
tistic		Detec-
tion
Limit
Not
Det-
ected		Lipid Weight
Mariussen et al. 2004Norway1990-1993GrouseLiver  0.5 ng/gMean 
Voorspoels et al. 2006bBelgium2001, 2003PasserinesLiver and muscle25All< 17 ng/g  
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Biota Concentration Data: Vegetation
Study AuthorsLoca-
tion		DateSpeciesTissueSam-
pling
N		Concentration DataWet WeightUnitsSta-
tistic		Detec-
tion
Limit
Not
Det-
ected		Lipid Weight
Schlabach et al. 2002Skoganvarre, Norway2002Mossn/a1  0.025ng/gMean 
Schlabach et al. 2002Valvik, Norway2002Mossn/a1  0.12ng/gMean 
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