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Fleet Average NOx Emission Performance of 2004 Model Year Light-Duty Vehicles, Light-Duty Trucks and Medium-Duty Passenger Vehicles

4. Summary of Company Fleet Average NOx Emission Performance

4.1 Scope of Company Reports

Table 3 presents a summary of the companies that submitted a fleet average NOx report for the 2004 model year in accordance with the requirements of the Regulations, including the vehicle divisions and the number of tests groups7 covered by the company reports.

Table 3: Scope of Company Reports
CompanyDivisionsNumber of Test Groups
BMW Canada Inc.BMW, Mini, Rolls-Royce15
Daimler-Chrysler Canada Inc.Chrysler, Dodge, Jeep26
Ferrari North America, Inc.Ferrari2
Ford Motor Company of Canada, LimitedFord, Lincoln, Mercury48
General Motors of Canada LimitedBuick, Cadillac, Chevrolet, Chevy Trucks, GMC, Hummer, Oldsmobile, Pontiac, Saab, Saturn46
Honda Canada Inc.Acura, Honda18
Hyundai Auto CanadaHyundai10
Jaguar CanadaJaguar6
Kia Motors Canada Inc.Kia8
Land Rover CanadaLand Rover2
Maserati North America, Inc.Maserati1
Mazda Canada Inc.Mazda18
Mercedes-Benz Canada Inc.Mercedes12
Mitsubishi Motor Sales of Canada Inc.Mitsubishi11
Nissan Canada Inc.Infiniti, Nissan17
Porsche Cars Canada Ltd.Porsche8
Subaru Canada, Inc.Subaru8
Suzuki Canada Inc.Suzuki5
Toyota Canada Inc.Lexus, Toyota21
Volkswagen Canada Inc.Audi, Bentley, Lamborghini, Volkswagen21
Volvo Cars of Canada Ltd.Volvo7
Total 310

A total of twenty-one companies submitted reports covering 2004 model year vehicles in 310 test groups.

4.2 Company Fleet Average NOx Values for the 2004 Model Year

Tables 4 and 5 summarize the total number of vehicles and average NOx values for each company's fleets of LDV/LLDT and HLDT/Medium-duty passenger vehicles">MDPV, respectively.

Table 4: Summary of Company Average NOx Values for LDV/LLDT Fleet
Fleet Average NOx Standard = 0.25 grams/mile
Maximum NOx = 0.6 grams/mile (i.e. "Bin" 10)
CompanyTotal Number of VehiclesAverage NOx Value (grams/mile)
BMW Canada Inc.17,4230.20068
Daimler-Chrysler Canada Inc.145,1160.186912
Ferrari North America, Inc.950.30
Ford Motor Company of Canada, Limited96,6110.21258
General Motors of Canada Limited304,4950.186855
Honda Canada Inc.129,0630.199389
Hyundai Auto Canada58,7160.23606
Jaguar Canada2,0280.2383
Kia Motors Canada Inc.24,3420.23589
Land Rover Canada5400.200
Maserati North America, Inc.520.30
Mazda Canada Inc.70,5090.15989
Mercedes-Benz Canada Inc.8,0800.1686
Mitsubishi Motor Sales of Canada Inc.9,8390.2498
Nissan Canada Inc.64,4260.15932
Porsche Cars Canada Ltd.7990.229
Subaru Canada, Inc.17,8960.23787
Suzuki Canada Inc.12,3420.18103
Toyota Canada Inc.163,1710.226898
Volkswagen Canada Inc.36,7070.32947
Volvo Cars of Canada Ltd.14,8720.14703



Table 5: Summary of Company Average NOx Values for HLDT/Medium-duty passenger vehicles">MDPV Fleet
Fleet Average NOx Standard = 0.53 grams/mile
Maximum NOx = 0.9 grams/mile (i.e. "Bin" 11)
CompanyTotal Number of VehiclesAverage NOx Value (grams/mile)
BMW Canada Inc.2,8090.3959
Daimler-Chrysler Canada Inc.41,5270.20230
Ford Motor Company of Canada, Limited53,7760.37012
General Motors of Canada Limited67,5490.35377
Mercedes-Benz Canada Inc.1,2200.6000
Nissan Canada Inc.3,0440.2180
Porsche Cars Canada Ltd.1,3570.3447
Volkswagen Canada Inc.2,3150.3097

Although the Regulations came in effect on January 1, 2004, the Regulations give companies the option of including all of their 2004 model year vehicles, including those manufactured before January 1, 2004, in the fleet average calculations or only those manufactured after January 1, 2004. All companies elected to report on the basis of all of their 2004 model year vehicles. In addition, Land Rover Canada, Toyota Canada Inc. and Volkswagen Canada Inc. reported vehicles for a limited number of heavy light-duty trucks (HLDT) test groups certified to Tier 1 standards. This is consistent with U.S. EPA Tier 2 provisions for heavy light-duty trucks of the 2004 model year whose model year commenced before December 21, 2003. These vehicles are not included in the fleet average value calculations for the 2004 model year.

The company average NOx values ranged from 0.14703 grams/mile to 0.32947 grams/mile for LDV/LLDT and 0.20230 grams/mile to 0.6000 grams/mile for HLDT/Medium-duty passenger vehicles">MDPV. The calculated average NOx values for three of the twenty-one companies LDV/LLDT fleet are above the average NOx standard of 0.25 grams/mile. One company also reported an average NOx value for HLDT/Medium-duty passenger vehicles">MDPV fleet above the average NOx standard of 0.53 grams/mile. Average NOx values above the applicable average NOx standard for a given fleet are generally attributed to one or more of the following reasons:

  1. Fleet contains a very limited number of vehicles. The U.S. EPA exempts "small-volume" manufacturers from the requirements of the fleet average NOx program during the phase-in period. For example, a "small-volume" manufacturer's fleet of light-duty vehicles and light light-duty trucks is subject to a fleet average NOx standard of 0.3 grams/mile for 2004-2006, and then subject to a fleet average NOx standard of 0.07 grams/mile in 2007. In Canada, there is no such provision. A company can, however, elect to exclude U.S. certified vehicles that are sold concurrently in both countries from the mandatory fleet average standard in Canada.
  2. Fleet includes a substantial number of diesel-fuelled vehicles. It is recognized that achieving low NOx levels, particularly pending the availability of low sulphur diesel in 2006 that will enable the use of sophisticated emission control technologies, represents a greater technical challenge for diesel-fuelled vehicles. Diesel engines, however, typically produce lower emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2) relative to comparable gasoline-fuelled vehicles.
  3. Average NOx value of only one of the fleet is above the average NOx standard. A company can average values from the LDV/LLDT and HLDT/Medium-duty passenger vehicles">MDPV fleets to satisfy the requirements of the average NOx emission program in Canada.

Ferrari North America Inc., Land Rover Canada, Mitsubishi Motor Sales of Canada Inc., Maserati North America Inc. and Volkswagen Canada Inc. elected to exclude their group of vehicles that were sold concurrently in Canada and the U.S. from compliance with the fleet average NOx standard, which effectively applies to their entire fleets of the 2004 model year vehicles. As all of their group of vehicles satisfy the applicable restrictions, fleet average NOx values from those companies were reported in this section for information purposes only, but do not generate any emission credits/deficits in Section 4.3.

4.3 Emission Credits/Deficits for the 2004 Model Year

Table 6 summarizes the emission credits earned by each company for the 2004 model year. Companies that elected to exclude their group of vehicles from compliance with the fleet average NOx standard or that did not report vehicles for a particular fleet are assigned "0" credits/deficits.

Table 6: Emission Credits/Deficits for the 2004 Model Year
(vehicle-grams/mile)
CompanyLDV/LLDTHLDT/Medium-duty passenger vehicles">MDPVTotal 2004 MY Credits
BMW Canada Inc.8593771,236
Daimler-Chrysler Canada Inc.9,15513,60822,763
Ferrari North America, Inc.010201
Ford Motor Company of Canada, Limited3,6158,59812,213
General Motors of Canada Limited19,22711,90431,131
Honda Canada Inc.6,532026,532
Hyundai Auto Canada81802818
Jaguar Canada240224
Kia Motors Canada Inc.34302343
Land Rover Canada010201
Maserati North America, Inc.010201
Mazda Canada Inc.6,354026,354
Mercedes-Benz Canada Inc.658-85573
Mitsubishi Motor Sales of Canada Inc.010201
Nissan Canada Inc.5,8429506,792
Porsche Cars Canada Ltd.17251268
Subaru Canada, Inc.21702217
Suzuki Canada Inc.85102851
Toyota Canada Inc.3,770023,770
Volkswagen Canada Inc.010101
Volvo Cars of Canada Ltd.1,531021,531
Total59,81335,60395,416

Notes:

  • A negative "-" sign indicates a deficit.
  • 1 The company elected to exclude their group of vehicles from compliance with the fleet average NOx standard.
  • 2 The company's fleet did not have any vehicles for the applicable class.

A total of 95,416 credits were earned for the 2004 model year. None of the companies reported an overall deficit for the 2004 model year, although one company used credits from one of its fleet to offset a NOx emission deficit from the other fleet.

4.4 End of Model Year Balance of Emission Credits/Deficits

Table 7 shows all activity relating to credits for the 2004 model year.

Table 7: End of Model Year Emission Credits/Deficits Balance
(vehicle-grams/mile)
CompanyInitial BalanceTotal 2004 MY CreditsNew BalanceCredits TransferredEnd of Model Year Balance
BMW Canada Inc.01,2361,23601,236
Daimler-Chrysler Canada Inc.022,76322,763022,763
Ferrari North America, Inc.001000
Ford Motor Company of Canada, Limited012,21312,213012,213
General Motors of Canada Limited031,13131,131031,131
Honda Canada Inc.06,5326,53206,532
Hyundai Auto Canada08188180818
Jaguar Canada02424024
Kia Motors Canada Inc.03433430343
Land Rover Canada001000
Maserati North America, Inc.001000
Mazda Canada Inc.06,3546,35406,354
Mercedes-Benz Canada Inc.05735730573
Mitsubishi Motor Sales of Canada Inc.001000
Nissan Canada Inc.06,7926,79206,792
Porsche Cars Canada Ltd.02682680268
Subaru Canada, Inc.02172170217
Suzuki Canada Inc.08518510851
Toyota Canada Inc.03,7703,77003,770
Volkswagen Canada Inc.001000
Volvo Cars of Canada Ltd.01,5311,53101,531
Total095,41695,416095,416

Note:

  • 1 The company elected to exclude their group of vehicles from compliance with the fleet average NOx standard.

As this is the first year that the fleet averaging provisions are in effect, no credits were available from previous years to be applied to this model year. While trading of emission credits between companies was permitted, no trading was reported for the 2004 model year. Credits generated in the 2004 model year may be used to offset deficits in future years.


7 A test group is the basic classification unit for the purpose of demonstrating compliance with exhaust emission standards and comprises light-duty vehicles, light-duty trucks or medium-duty passenger vehicles having similar exhaust emission performance and that share all of the features described in section 1827, subchapter C, part 86 of the CFR.

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