Enhanced Fujita Scale Damage Indicators and Degrees of Damage
C-4 Solid Masonry Houses (C-SMH)
Typical Construction:
- Asphalt shingles, tile, slate or metal roof covering
- Flat, gable, hip, mansard or mono-sloped roof or combinations thereof
- Plywood/OSB or wood plank roof deck
- All exterior walls are solid masonry construction (e.g. double brick)
- Roof is wood joist and rafter construction
DOD | Damage Description | EXP* | LB* | UB* |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Threshold of visible damage | 105 | 85 | 129 |
2 | Loss of roof covering material (less than 20%), gutters and/or awning; loss of vinyl or metal siding | 127 | 101 | 156 |
3 | Broken glass in doors and windows | 154 | 127 | 183 |
4 | Uplift of roof deck and loss of significant roof covering material (20% or more); collapse of chimney; garage doors collapse inward; failure of porch or carport | 156 | 130 | 187 |
5 | Large sections of roof structure removed; most walls remain standing | 196 | 167 | 238 |
6 | Exterior walls collapsed | 245 | 210 | 286 |
7 | Most walls collapsed, except small interior rooms | 285 | 247 | 325 |
8 | Complete destruction of building | 315 | 275 | 355 |
*All wind speeds in km/h
- Small Barns or Farm Outbuildings (SBO)
- One- or Two- Family Residences: 100-500m2 (FR12)
- Manufactured Homes: Singe Wide (MHSW)
- Manufactured Homes: Double Wide (MHDW)
- Apartments, Condominiums and Townhouses: 3 Storeys or less (ACT)
- Motels (M)
- Masonry Apartments or Motels (MAM)
- Small Retail Buildings (SRB)
- Small Professional Buildings: Single Storey, less than 500 m2 (SPB)
- Strip Malls (SM)
- Large Shopping Malls (LSM)
- Large Isolated Retail Buildings (LIRB)
- Automobile Showrooms (ASR)
- Automobile Service Buildings (ASB)
- Elementary Schools (ES)
- Junior and Senior High Schools (JHSH)
- Low-Rise Buildings: 1-4 Storeys (LRB)
- Mid-Rise Buildings: 5-20 Storeys (MRB)
- High-Rise Buildings: Greater than 20 Storeys (HRB)
- Institutional Buildings (IB)
- Metal Building Systems (MBS)
- Service Station Canopies (SSC)
- Warehouse Buildings (WHB)
- Free-Standing Towers (FST)
- Free-Standing Light Poles, Luminary Poles, Flag Poles (FSP)
- C-1 Electrical Transmission Lines (C-ETL)
- C-2 Trees (C-T)
- C-3 Heritage Churches (C-HC)
- C-4 Solid Masonry Houses (C-SMH)
- C-5 Farm Silos or Grain Bins (C-FSGB)
- C-6 Sheds, Fences or Lawn Furniture (C-SFLF)
- Glossary
- EF-Scale Canada
- Acknowledgments
- Date Modified: