Enhanced Fujita Scale Damage Indicators and Degrees of Damage
Manufactured Homes: Singe Wide (MHSW)
Typical Construction:
- Steel undercarriage supported on concrete block piers
- Metal straps and ground anchors (frame and/or over-the-top strap anchors)
- Asphalt shingles or one-piece metal roof covering
- Wood roof joists; metal, vinyl or wood siding
- Wood stud walls and partitions
DOD | Damage Description | EXP | LB | UB |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Threshold of visible damage | 98 | 82 | 122 |
2 | Loss of shingles or partial uplift of one-piece metal roof covering | 119 | 98 | 148 |
3 | Unit slides off block piers but remains upright | 140 | 116 | 166 |
4 | Complete uplift of roof; most walls remain standing | 143 | 117 | 180 |
5 | Unit rolls on its side or upside down; remains essentially intact | 158 | 135 | 183 |
6 | Destruction of roof and walls leaving floor and undercarriage in place | 169 | 140 | 198 |
7 | Unit rolls or vaults; roof and walls separate from floor and undercarriage | 175 | 154 | 206 |
8 | Undercarriage separates from unit; rolls, tumbles and is badly bent | 190 | 163 | 219 |
9 | Complete destruction of unit; debris blown away | 204 | 177 | 238 |
*All wind speeds in km/h
- Small Barns or Farm Outbuildings (SBO)
- One- or Two- Family Residences: 100-500m2 (FR12)
- Manufactured Homes: Singe Wide (MHSW)
- Manufactured Homes: Double Wide (MHDW)
- Apartments, Condominiums and Townhouses: 3 Storeys or less (ACT)
- Motels (M)
- Masonry Apartments or Motels (MAM)
- Small Retail Buildings (SRB)
- Small Professional Buildings: Single Storey, less than 500 m2 (SPB)
- Strip Malls (SM)
- Large Shopping Malls (LSM)
- Large Isolated Retail Buildings (LIRB)
- Automobile Showrooms (ASR)
- Automobile Service Buildings (ASB)
- Elementary Schools (ES)
- Junior and Senior High Schools (JHSH)
- Low-Rise Buildings: 1-4 Storeys (LRB)
- Mid-Rise Buildings: 5-20 Storeys (MRB)
- High-Rise Buildings: Greater than 20 Storeys (HRB)
- Institutional Buildings (IB)
- Metal Building Systems (MBS)
- Service Station Canopies (SSC)
- Warehouse Buildings (WHB)
- Free-Standing Towers (FST)
- Free-Standing Light Poles, Luminary Poles, Flag Poles (FSP)
- C-1 Electrical Transmission Lines (C-ETL)
- C-2 Trees (C-T)
- C-3 Heritage Churches (C-HC)
- C-4 Solid Masonry Houses (C-SMH)
- C-5 Farm Silos or Grain Bins (C-FSGB)
- C-6 Sheds, Fences or Lawn Furniture (C-SFLF)
- Glossary
- EF-Scale Canada
- Acknowledgments
- Date Modified: