Enhanced Fujita Scale Damage Indicators and Degrees of Damage

Manufactured Homes: Singe Wide (MHSW)

Typical Construction:

  • Steel undercarriage supported on concrete block piers
  • Metal straps and ground anchors (frame and/or over-the-top strap anchors)
  • Asphalt shingles or one-piece metal roof covering
  • Wood roof joists; metal, vinyl or wood siding
  • Wood stud walls and partitions
Table 3. Degree of Damage (DOD) for Expected (EXP), Lower Bound (LB) and Upper Bound (UB)
DODDamage DescriptionEXPLBUB
1Threshold of visible damage9882122
2Loss of shingles or partial uplift of one-piece metal roof covering11998148
3Unit slides off block piers but remains upright140116166
4Complete uplift of roof; most walls remain standing143117180
5Unit rolls on its side or upside down; remains essentially intact158135183
6Destruction of roof and walls leaving floor and undercarriage in place169140198
7Unit rolls or vaults; roof and walls separate from floor and undercarriage175154206
8Undercarriage separates from unit; rolls, tumbles and is badly bent190163219
9Complete destruction of unit; debris blown away204177238

*All wind speeds in km/h