Enhanced Fujita Scale Damage Indicators and Degrees of Damage
Small Retail Buildings (SRB)
Typical Construction:
- Best example is fast-food restaurant
- Flat, hip, gable, mansard or mono-slope roof
- Asphalt shingles, metal panels, slate, tile, single-ply or BUR roof covering
- Plywood/OSB roof decking
- Wood or metal roof structure consisting of trusses or rafters and joists
- Wood or metal stud walls
- Typically have large areas of window glass and double entry doors
- Canopies, covered walkways or porches
- Wood, brick veneer, metal or vinyl siding, concrete blocks, EIFS or stucco wall cladding
Notes:
- With hip roof, use upper bound wind speed for degree of damage 4 and degree of damage 6
DOD | Damage Description | EXP* | LB* | UB* |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Threshold of visible damage | 105 | 87 | 130 |
2 | Loss of roof covering (less than 20%) | 126 | 105 | 158 |
3 | Broken glass in windows and doors | 138 | 116 | 166 |
4 | Uplift of roof decking; significant loss of roof covering (20% or more) | 158 | 130 | 192 |
5 | Canopies or covered walkways destroyed | 158 | 134 | 183 |
6 | Uplift or collapse of entire roof structure | 192 | 163 | 225 |
7 | Collapse of exterior walls; closely spaced interior walls remain standing | 222 | 193 | 256 |
8 | Total destruction of entire building | 269 | 230 | 311 |
*All wind speeds in km/h
- Small Barns or Farm Outbuildings (SBO)
- One- or Two- Family Residences: 100-500m2 (FR12)
- Manufactured Homes: Singe Wide (MHSW)
- Manufactured Homes: Double Wide (MHDW)
- Apartments, Condominiums and Townhouses: 3 Storeys or less (ACT)
- Motels (M)
- Masonry Apartments or Motels (MAM)
- Small Retail Buildings (SRB)
- Small Professional Buildings: Single Storey, less than 500 m2 (SPB)
- Strip Malls (SM)
- Large Shopping Malls (LSM)
- Large Isolated Retail Buildings (LIRB)
- Automobile Showrooms (ASR)
- Automobile Service Buildings (ASB)
- Elementary Schools (ES)
- Junior and Senior High Schools (JHSH)
- Low-Rise Buildings: 1-4 Storeys (LRB)
- Mid-Rise Buildings: 5-20 Storeys (MRB)
- High-Rise Buildings: Greater than 20 Storeys (HRB)
- Institutional Buildings (IB)
- Metal Building Systems (MBS)
- Service Station Canopies (SSC)
- Warehouse Buildings (WHB)
- Free-Standing Towers (FST)
- Free-Standing Light Poles, Luminary Poles, Flag Poles (FSP)
- C-1 Electrical Transmission Lines (C-ETL)
- C-2 Trees (C-T)
- C-3 Heritage Churches (C-HC)
- C-4 Solid Masonry Houses (C-SMH)
- C-5 Farm Silos or Grain Bins (C-FSGB)
- C-6 Sheds, Fences or Lawn Furniture (C-SFLF)
- Glossary
- EF-Scale Canada
- Acknowledgments
- Date Modified: