Database of Guidelines: Supplemental Information

Glossary

Acceptable Level: Term used to indicate a concentration of a contaminant in air at which minimal adverse effects may be expected to more sensitive populations.
Acute: With regard to guideline development, refers to an exposure to a contaminant that occurs over a relatively short time frame (generally over a period up to 96 hours).
Agricultural land use: Areas where the primary land use is growing crops and tending livestock, and agricultural lands that provide habitat for resident and transitory biota.
Averaging Time: For air quality guidelines, the length of time individual measurements should be averaged over when compared to guideline values.
Benthic community/benthic biota: Community of invertebrate organisms directly associated with surface sediments.
Biomagnification: The process by which contaminant concentrations increase in predators relative to concentrations in diet items as a result of uptake from diet and transfer through the food web.
Bioconcentration: The process by which organisms uptake contaminants through respiration and diffusion of hydrophobic chemicals from aqueous to organic media.
Bioaccumulation: The combined increase in contaminant concentrations in organisms compared to the surrounding environment as a result of bioconcentration and biomagnification.
Chronic: With regards to guideline development, refers to an exposure to a contaminant that occurs over a relatively long time frame (greater than 4 days).
Commercial Land use: Areas where the primary activity is commercial, not residential or manufacturing (does not include areas where food is grown).
Course Grain Soil: Soils in which 50% of particles (by mass) are greater than 75 µm diameter.
Desirable Level: Term used indicate a concentration of a contaminant in air at which no adverse effects are anticipated to receptors.
Ecological Screening Level: Term used by the US EPA to describe a guideline value where exceedance of that level is indicative of potential effects to receptors, and requires further risk assessment. 
Effects Range Low/Effects Level Low: Term used by some jurisdictions to denote a contaminant concentration in sediment above which adverse effects may occur. Functionally equivalent to “threshold effect level.”
Effects Range Medium: Term used by some jurisdictions to denote a contaminant concentration in sediment above which adverse effects are always or almost always expected to occur. Functionally equivalent to “probable effect level.”
Fine Grain Soil: Soils in which 50% of particles (by mass) are less than 75 µm diameter.
Hazard Index: The ratio of an exposed dose per day to a ‘reference dose’ per day. A HI > 1 indicates potential risk of threshold toxicity effects, while a HI < 1 indicates a safe level of exposure.
Industrial land use: Areas where the primary land use is the manufacturing, production or construction of products or goods.
Lifetime cancer risk: The expected increase in risk of carcinogenic effects as a result of increased exposure to contaminants, calculated using the EPA ‘q’ slope factor (indicator of incremental increase in carcinogenesis with an increased dose of contaminant).
Maximum Contaminant Level: Term used by the US EPA to describe the instantaneous highest possible contaminant concentration in drinking/ground water that still allows protection goals to be met.
Maximum Permissible Concentration: Term used by the Netherlands to describe a the maximum concentration in of a contaminant in a medium where minimal effects are expected to species (generally twice the Target Value).
Narrative Protection Goal: Descriptive statement of which receptors should be protected and to what extent.
No-observable adverse effect levels (NOAEL): A dose or level of exposure at which no statistically or biologically significant adverse or harmful effects occur to a test population compared to controls.
No-observable effects concentration (NOEC): A contaminant concentration in media at which no statistically significant effects occur to a test population compared to controls.
Operational Protection Goal: The level of effect expected to be seen at environmental guideline concentrations.
Pore water/soil solution: The interstitial water associated with areas between grains of sediment or soil. Contaminants in pore water is assumed to be at equilibrium with the solid phase.
Probable Effects Level/Expected Effects Level: Term used by the CCME to indicate contaminant concentration in sediment above which biological effects are always or almost always expected to occur; functionally equivalent to “effects range median.”
Receptors: The terrestrial and aquatic biota (individuals, populations, habitat or ecosystems) exposed to a contaminant at a particular site.
Reference Dose: Used to calculate Hazard Index, is the determined safe daily dose based on EPA standard assumptions for human consumption and health.
Residential/Parkland land use: Areas where primary land use is residential and recreational activity and buffer areas between residential areas.
Serious Risk Concentration: Term used in the Netherlands to describe a concentration of contaminant in media indicative of expected effects to receptors that require immediate risk management.
Species Sensitivity Distribution: A cumulative probability distribution of toxicity values for multiple species (generally chronic NOEC values).
Steady State: A system is at steady state when there is no net movement of contaminants between media and inputs into the system or media are balanced equally by outputs.
Surface soil: Topsoil material down to 1.5 meters below ground surface.
Subsurface soil: Soil material deeper than 1.5 meters below ground surface .
Target Value: Term used in the Netherlands to describe a concentration of contaminant in media, below which the media is considered ‘clean’.
Tier 2 Value: Water quality guidelines derived by the EPA when insufficient data is available for the derivation of Water Quality Guidelines under standard EPA procedure.
Threshold Effect Concentrations (TEC): The contaminant concentration at which a certain percentage of a population (x) experiences significant adverse sub lethal effects (denoted as LCX if lethal effects is the measured endpoint).
Threshold Effect Level (TEL): Term used by the CCME to indicate a contaminant concentration in sediment below which biological effects are never or almost never expected to occur; functionally equivalent to the Effects Range Low. More generally, can refer to any concentration or dose below which adverse effects are not expected to occur and above which adverse effects are likely to occur.
Tolerable Level: Term used to indicate a concentration of a contaminant in air at which some adverse effects to sensitive populations are expected to occur.
Total Organic Carbon (TOC): The amount of carbon bound in an organic media, which does not include in-organic carbon bound as carbon dioxide or carbonic acid salts.
Toxic Equivalency Quotient (TEQ): The product of the concentration of an individual dioxin-like compound (DLC) in an environmental mixture and its corresponding 2,3,7,8-TCDD toxic equivalency factor (TEF) for that compound. TEFs have been assigned to each dioxin and furan congener (and dioxin-like PCBs) as weighting factors. These TEFs are assigned relative to the toxicity of 2,3,7,8-TCDD, the most toxic congener, TEQ is calculated by multiplying the concentration or quantity of an individual congener by its respective TEF.
Toxicity Reference Value (TRV): A dose or exposure concentration at which no adverse effects to a receptor are expected.
Uncertainty factor: A (relatively) arbitrary number used to reduce guidelines values to account for uncertainty in their application (eg: extrapolating between species, within species variation in sensitivity).

References

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Great Lakes Region Initiative (Canada/USA)- Sediment, EPA 1996, http://www.lm.doe.gov/cercla/documents/rockyflats_docs/SW/sw-a-005280.pdf
Great Lakes Region Initiative (Canada/USA)- Surface Water, EPA 1995, www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/glsprohibit.pdf 
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Idaho Department of Environmental Quality- Air, IDEQ n.d.a, http://adminrules.idaho.gov/rules/current/58/0101.pdf
Idaho Department of Environmental Quality- Groundwater, IDEQ n.d.c, http://adminrules.idaho.gov/rules/2012/58/0124.pdf
Idaho Department of Environmental Quality- Groundwater, IDEQ n.d.d, http://adminrules.idaho.gov/rules/current/58/0111.pdf
Idaho Department of Environmental Quality- Soil, IDEQ n.d.c, http://adminrules.idaho.gov/rules/2012/58/0124.pdf
Idaho Department of Environmental Quality- Soil vapour, IDEQ n.d.c, http://adminrules.idaho.gov/rules/2012/58/0124.pdf
Idaho Department of Environmental Quality- Surface Water, IDEQ n.d.b, http://adminrules.idaho.gov/rules/current/58/0102.pdf
Maine Centre for Disease Control- Air, Maine CDC 2010, http://www.maine.gov/dhhs/mecdc/environmental-health/eohp/air/documents/aagtable.pdf
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Minnesota- Air, MPCA 2000, https://www.revisor.mn.gov/rules/?id=7009.0080
Minnesota- Groundwater, MDH 2011, http://www.health.state.mn.us/divs/eh/risk/guidance/gw/table.html
Minnesota- Sediment, MPCA 2007, www.pca.state.mn.us/index.php/view-document.html?gid=9163
Minnesota- Surface Water, MPCA 2007, http://www.pca.state.mn.us/index.php/waste/waste-and-cleanup/cleanup-programs-and-topics/topics/perfluorochemicals-pfc/perfluorochemicals-pfcs.html?menuid=&redirect=1
Minnesota- Surface Water, MPCA 2012, https://www.revisor.mn.gov/rules/?id=7050.0222
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Netherlands - National Insititue for Public Health & the Environment- Sediment, Verbuggen, et.al. 2001, rivm.nl/bibliotheek/rapporten/711701020.pdf 
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United Kingdom Environment Agency- Surface Water, UK Environment Agency 2011, http://evidence.environment-agency.gov.uk/ChemicalStandards/home.aspx
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USA - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration- Sediment, Long et al. 1995, http://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/publications/sqg.pdf
USA - OakRidge National Lab- Pore Water, ORNL 1997, rais.ornl.gov/documents/tm85r3.pdf 
USA - OakRidge National Lab- Sediment, ORNL 1997c, http://www.esd.ornl.gov/programs/ecorisk/documents/tm95r4.pdf
USA - OakRidge National Lab- Sediment, ORNL 1998, rais.ornl.gov/documents/bjcor80.pdf 
USA - OakRidge National Lab- Soil, ORNL 1997a, rais.ornl.gov/documents/tm126r21.pdf 
USA - OakRidge National Lab- Soil, ORNL 1997b, rais.ornl.gov/documents/tm85r3.pdf 
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USA - United States Geological Survey - Tissue, USGS 2001, http://water.usgs.gov/nawqa/pnsp/pubs/circ1291/appendix3/appendix3b.pdf
USA Environmental Protection Agency- Air, EPA 2011, www.epa.gov/air/criteria.html
USA Environmental Protection Agency- Ground Water, EPA 2009, http://water.epa.gov/drink/contaminants/index.cfm#List
USA Environmental Protection Agency- Sediment, EPA 2008, http://www.epa.gov/nheerl/download_files/publications/ESB_Compendium_v14_final.pdf
USA Environmental Protection Agency- Soil, EPA 2003, http://www.epa.gov/ecotox/ecossl/pdf/ecossl_guidance_chapters.pdf
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USA Environmental Protection Agency - Region 3- Sediment, EPA 2004, http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/risk/eco/index.htm
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USA Environmental Protection Agency - Region 5- Air, EPA 2003, http://epa.gov/region05/waste/cars/pdfs/ecological-screening-levels-200308.pdf
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USA Environmental Protection Agency - Region 5- Soil, EPA 2003,	http://epa.gov/region05/waste/cars/pdfs/ecological-screening-levels-200308.pdf
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USA- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration- Soil, Buchman 2008, http://archive.orr.noaa.gov/book_shelf/122_NEW-SQuiRTs.pdf
Washington- Groundwater, WAC n.d.b, http://apps.leg.wa.gov/WAC/default.aspx?cite=173-200-040
Washington- Surface Water, WAC n.d.a, http://apps.leg.wa.gov/WAC/default.aspx?cite=173-201A-240
Washington State Department of Ecology- Air, WSDE 2011c, http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/air/sips/WA_Stds_August2011.pdf
Washington State Department of Ecology- Freshwater Sediment, WSDE 2011d, https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/publications/publications/1109054.pdf
Washington State Department of Ecology-	Groundwater, WSDE 2011b, https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/publications/summarypages/1009057.html
Washington State Department of Ecology- Sediment, WSDE 2011a, http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/tcp/smu/sed_chem.htm
Washington State Department of Ecology- Soil, WSDE 2011b, https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/publications/summarypages/1009057.html
Washington State Department of Ecology- Surface Water, WSDE 2011b, https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/publications/summarypages/1009057.html
Yukon - Environment Yukon- Soil, Environment Yukon 2002, http://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/regs/oic2002_171.pdf

Acronyms (Note that not all acronyms may be present in the database)

AB	Bioavailability
AUF	Ratio of affected area divided by range
Bv	Soil-to-plant transfer coefficient for vegetative tissue
BW	Body weight
CCME	Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment
DOC	Dissolved Organic Carbon
EC	Effects Concentration
ED	Duration of Exposure
EPA	Environmental Protection Agency
FAV	Final Acute Value
FCV	Final Chronic Value
GW	Ground Water
HH	Human Health
Irf	Food ingestion rate
Irs	Soil ingestion rate
LC	Lethal Concentration
LOAEL	Lowest Observable Adverse Effects Level
LOEC	Lowest Observable Effects Concentration
N/A	Information is not publicly available; may be in a supporting document, however location of this document is unknown.
NOAA	National Oceanic and Amospheric Administration
NOAEL	No Observable Adverse Effects Concentration
NOEC	No Observable Effects Concentration
NRWQC	National Recommended Water Quality Criteria
OHS	Occupational Health and Safety
ORNL	Oak Ridge National Laboratory
PBDE	Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether
SQG	Soil Quality Guideline
SSD	Species Sensitivity Distribution
TRG	Tissue Residue Guidelines
TRV	Toxicity reference value = (lower bound of the high dietary concentration x fodder ingestion rate) / body weight 
UF	Uncertainty Factor
WQG	Water Quality Guideline